文法b

句子︱文法a︱文

Ａ國有很多人。 中國有很多人。

Country A has many many people. Eg. - China has many people.

Ａ國有多少人﹖ 美國有多少人﹖

How many people does country A have? Eg. - How many people does the United States have?

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Ａ個是Ｂ，Ｃ個是Ｄ。 兩個是中國人，三個是美國人。

A of E are B, and C of E are D. (Both B and D are E and can be counted with 個. E is understood.) Eg. - Two are Chinese, and three are USAmericans.

Ａ有Ｂ個Ｃ，不是Ｄ個Ｃ。 高先生有一個表，不是兩個表。

A has B C, not D. (A has B of C, not D of C. C is countable with the counter 個.) Eg. Mr. Goh has one watch, not two.

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Ａ都是Ｂ。 高小姐都是日本人。

A is also B. (A is an element that belongs to a set of elements called B. A may belong to a different set of elements as well.) Eg. - Miss Goh is Japanese, too.

Ａ是不是都Ｂ﹖ 昋港人是不是都中國人﹖

Are all A not B? (A is plural and the asker would like to know if all A are not B, as well?) / Are A not also B? Eg. - Are Hong Kongers not also Chinese?

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Ａ有Ｂ個Ｃ，有的很Ｄ，有的很Ｅ。 高先生有五個表，有的很貴，有的很美。

A has B of C, some are very D and some very E. (A has B of C. Some of C have much of the attribute D, and some much of E. C can be counted with 個. Eg. - Mr. Goh has five watches, some are very expensive, and some are very beautiful.

Ａ有Ｂ個Ｃ，有的Ｄ，有的Ｅ。 高先生有六個表，有的貴，有的美。

A has BC, some are D and some are E. (A has B of C, some have the attribute D and others the attribute E.) Eg. Mr. Goh has many many watches, some of them are expensive and some are beautiful.

Ａ買的Ｂ有的Ｃ，有的Ｄ。 高小姐買的表，有的貴，有的美。

Some of the Bs purchased by A are C and some D. (Some of the Bs purchased by A have the attribute C and some have the attribute D. Eg. - Some of the watches purchased by Miss Goh are expensive and some are beautiful.

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Ａ有Ｂ，Ｃ有Ｄ。 高小姐有二個很貴表，高先生有一個。

A has B, and C has D. Eg. - Miss Goh has two very expensive watches, Mr. Goh has one.

Ａ是不是有Ｂ﹖ 中國是不是有美國人﹖ 美國是不是有中國人﹖

Does A not have B? / Doesn't A have B? Eg. - Are there no USAmericans in China? Eg. USAmerica has Chinese, doesn't it? / Are there Chinese in the United States?

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Ａ沒有Ｂ，Ａ有Ｃ。 高先生沒有一個表，有二箇。

A does not have B, it has C. Eg. - Mr. Goh does not have one watch, he has two.

沒有人買Ｂ的Ｃ。 沒有人買貴的表。

No one buys BC. There is no one who buys C with the attribute B. Eg. - No one buys expensive watches.

Ａ有沒有Ｂ﹖ 中國有沒有美國人﹖

Doesn't A have B? / Hasn't A any B? Eg. - Are there USAmericans in China?

Ａ沒有Ｂ﹖ 中國沒有美國人﹖

Does not A have B? (It appears that the 有沒有 construction is not always necessary when asking a negative question.) Eg. - China has no USAmericans.

Ａ是不是沒有Ｂ﹖ 美國是不是有中國人﹖

A doesn't have B, does it? Eg. Are there Chinese in the United States? / Does USAmerica have Chinese?

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Ａ是不是沒有一個是Ｂ的﹖ 中國是不是沒有一個是高的﹖

Among A is there not one that is B? Eg. - Doesn't China have even one tall person?

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有Ａ個人買Ｂ。 or 有Ａ個買Ｂ的人。 but not 有買Ｂ的Ａ個人。 有十個人買表。

There are A people buying B. / There are A people who buy B. Eg. - There are 20 people buying watches.

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Ａ，Ｂ，都有Ｃ 高先生，高太太都有表。

A and B both have C. A and B both contain C. A and B both include C. Eg. - Mr. and Ms. Goh both have watches.

有Ａ的人都是Ｂ人? 有中國表的人都是美國人﹖

Are people who have A also B? (People who have A are also people with the attribute B.) Eg. - Do USAmericans also have Chinese watches?

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Ａ都給ＢＣ。 我都給高先生一個表。

A also gave C to B. Eg. - I also gave a watch to Mr. Goh .

Ａ買一個Ｂ給Ｃ。 高先生買一個表給高小姐。

A buys one of B and gives it to C. (B is countable with 個. C is likely a gift.) Mr. Goh buys a watch for Miss Goh .

Ａ給Ｂ買一個Ｃ。 高先生給高小姐買一個表。

A buys a watch for C. (B is countable with 個. Buying C is something that A does for B. C is probably purchased at C's request, but not a gift.) Mr. Goh buys a watch for Miss Goh .

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