data collection (data | graphs | tables) project index quality assessment
English or languish - Probing the ramifications
of Hong Kong's language policy

Quality Assessment
Section five

Hong Kong's Bottom Line
The Opportunity Cost of English Language Study in Hong Kong

English Language Classroom Hours
Recommended and Probable



Table 47a - Recommended number of classroom hours for the study of English.
graph 78 | table 43 | table 44 | table 45 | table 46 | tables 47b and 47c | table 48 | table 49 | table 50 | table 51 | tables 52a, 52b, and 52c | data collection (tables)


Primary
Secondary

Forms I to III Forms IV to VI Forms I to III

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

Minimum
Maximum
Minimum
Maximum
Minimum
Maximum
Three years
(1)
404.0
449.0
404.0
449.0
468.0
578.0
One year
(2)
134.7
149.7
134.7
149.7
156.0
192.7
Note: The values found in row (2) are obtained by dividing the values in row (1) by three.
Source: The Curriculum Development Council. 2002. Basic Education Curriculum Guide - Building on strengths (Primary 1 to Secondary 3). Booklet 2. Section 2.3.3 - Suggested time allocation, p. 6.


Table 47b - Recommended number of classroom hours for the study of all subjects.
graph 78 | table 43 | table 44 | table 45 | table 46 | tables 47a and 47c | table 48 | table 49 | table 50 | table 51 | tables 52a, 52b, and 52c | data collection (tables)




Primary Forms I to VI
Secondary Forms I to III
One year
792
918
Note: Students actually spend far more time in school. These hours include only those devoted to academic subjects -- namely, classes taught in a classroom.
Source: The Curriculum Development Council. 2002. Basic Education Curriculum Guide - Building on strengths (Primary 1 to Secondary 3). Booklet 2. Section 2.3.3 - Suggested time allocation, p. 6.


Table 47c - Total number of classroom hours devoted to English in 2001 by key stage.
graph 78 | table 43 | table 44 | table 45 | table 46 | tables 47a and 47b | table 48 | table 49 | table 50 | table 51 | tables 52a, 52b, and 52c | data collection (tables) | if only there were a market (the child | the economy)


Kindergarten1
Primary2
Secondary3, 4, and 5
Total


(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Key stage

KS1 KS2 KS3 KS4 KS5
Form

K1 to K3 P1 to P3 P4 to P6 S1 to S3 S4 to S5 S6 to S7
English only6 (%)
(1)
17%
18%
18%
19.0%
20.0%
21.0%

English only (2)
67.3
142.2
142.2
174.3
183.5
192.7

All subjects7 (3)
396
792
792
918
918
918










Student enrolment
(4)
156,202
239,854
253,221
246,132
150,886
59,437
1,105,732
Total number
of hours8
(5)
10,512,395
34,107,239
36,008,026
42,900,808
27,687,581
11,453,510
162,669,558









Note 1: One of the principal incentives to a solid kindergarten education is a jump start in primary school. As young children generally find it easier to learn language than older children, a primary subject area for pre-primary students must be English. As the Basic Education Curriculum Guide does not provide a detailed breakdown of how time should be spent in kindergarten, it has been assumed that the time spent studying English is approximately equal in proportion to that spent in primary forms I to III. The total time spent in kindergarten per year is assumed to be half that spent in primary form I. Thus, the values in column (1)  rows (2) and (3) were obtained by dividing the values in column (2) rows (2) and (3), respectively, by two. (table)
Note 2: The values in row (2) columns (2) and (3) were obtained by averaging the values in row (2) columns (1) and (2) and row(2) columns (3) and (4) found in table 47a, respectively. (tables 47 | 51)
Note 3: The value in row (2) column (4) was obtained by averaging the values in row (2) columns (5) and (6) of table 47a. (table)
Note 4: For the purpose of estimating the time spent studying English in secondary forms IV and V and secondary forms VI and VII the recommended time allotment for secondary forms I through III were employed and adjusted upwarded. The underlying assumption is that more time is spent studying English as one approaches the senior secondary (HKCEE) and tertiary (HKALE) qualifying examinations. The formula employed for obtaining the value in row(2) column (5) is given by the following:

KS4avg =[Xmax + (Xmin + Xmax)/2]/2
= (3Xmax + Xmin)/4

where Xmin and Xmax are the minimum and maximum values for S1 (column 5) through S3 (column 6) found in row (2) of table 47a. (table)
Note 5: The maximum recommended time for secondary form I through III students was used as the estimated average time for secondary form VI and VII students.The underlying assumption is that more time is spent studying English as one approaches the  qualifying examination for entry into a Hong Kong university-- namely, the HKALE.  (table)
Note 6: These values were obtained by dividing those in row (2) by their corresponding row (3) counterparts and then multiplying times 100. (table)
Note 7: The values in columns (2), (3), and (4) correspond exactly to those found in table 47b. The value in column (1) is exactly half of that found in column (2), and the values in columns (5) and (6) are assumed to be the same as those found in column (4). It is understood that senior secondary schools have more latitude in substance, but the time spent at school is unlikely to change.  (table)
Note 8: Except for the total values found in column (7) these values are the simple product of those found in rows (2) and (4). They are the estimated number of hours spent studying English at each key stage including kindergarten by all students enrolled in day-time schools in 2001. (table)
Source 1: The Curriculum Development Council. 2002. Basic Education Curriculum Guide - Building on strengths (Primary 1 to Secondary 3). Booklet 2. Section 2.3.3 - Suggested time allocation, p. 6.
Source 2: Hong Kong Department of Education (EMU), Planning and Research Division, Statistics Section. Enrolment Statistics 2001. April 2002 (documents - opens to new window). Table 2.1 Classes, accommodation, enrolment in kindergartens by grade, 1992-2001, p. 19. Table 3.1 Classes, accommodation, enrolment, and repeaters in primary day schools by grade, 1992-2001, p. 49. Table 4.1 Classes, accommodation, enrolment, and repeaters in secondary day schools by grade, 1992-2001, p. 81. See table 1b for years other than 2001.

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